GA3与ABA对黑穗醋栗二次萌芽总酚含量及代谢酶活性的影响

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摘要：【目的】了解黑穗醋栗发生二次萌芽过程中总酚含量及其合成代谢关键酶活性的变化规律，为揭示黑穗醋栗发生二次萌芽的内在机理及其人工调控提供科学依据。【方法】以易发生二次萌芽的黑穗醋栗品种亚德和不易发生二次萌芽的黑穗醋栗品种布劳德为试材，使用30.0 mg/L赤霉素（GA3）和50.0 mg/L脱落酸（ABA）进行叶面喷施处理，以喷清水为对照（CK1和CK2），利用Folin-酚比色法和酶联免疫分析试剂盒测定各处理黑穗醋栗品种二次萌芽的总酚含量及关键酶活性。【结果】在黑穗醋栗品种亚德和布劳德发生二次萌芽过程中，总酚含量及苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、查尔酮异构酶（CHI）和肉桂酸-4-羟化酶（C4H）活性降低，多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性升高;经30.0 mg/L GA3处理后亚德和布劳德二次萌芽的总酚含量明显低于CK1和CK2，PAL和CHI活性明显低于CK1和CK2，PPO活性明显高于CK1和CK2，C4H活性总体上低于CK1和CK2;经50.0 mg/L ABA处理后亚德二次萌芽的总酚含量显著高于GA3处理和CK1（P<0.05，下同），经50.0 mg/L ABA处理亚德各测定日期（除8月17日外）的总酚含量均显著高于GA3处理，且明显高于CK2;50.0 mg/L ABA处理的亚德和布劳德PAL活性明显高于GA3处理及CK1和CK2，PPO活性除8月17日外均显著低于GA3处理，且明显低于CK1和CK2，CHI和C4H活性总体上明显高于GA3处理及CK1和CK2。【结论】叶面喷施50.0 mg/L ABA可提高黑穗醋栗品种亚德和布劳德二次萌芽的代谢关键酶PAL、CHI和C4H活性，降低PPO活性，促进总酚合成并抑制其氧化分解，从而抑制黑穗醋栗品种亚德和布劳德发生二次萌芽。

关键词： 黑穗醋栗;二次萌芽;赤霉素（GA3）;脱落酸（ABA）;酚类物质含量;酶活性

中圖分类号： S663.9                       文献标志码： A 文章编号：2095-1191（2019）06-1263-08

Abstract：【Objective】The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of total phenolic content and anabolic key enzyme activities during the secondary bud burst of black currant，and provide a scientific basis for revealing the internal mechanism and artificial regulation of secondary bud burst. 【Method】The black currant variety Adelinia which was easily to be germinated twice and the black currant variety Brodtrop which was not easily to be germinated twice were used as test materials，and foliar spray treatment with 30.0 mg/L gibberellin（GA3） and 50.0 mg/L abscisic acid（ABA） was set，and water was used as control（CK）. Folin-phenol colorimetric assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit were used to determine the total phenolic content and its key enzyme activity in secondary bud burst. 【Result】During the se-condary bud burst of the black currant varieties Adelinia and Brodtrop，the total phenolic content decreased gradually，phenylalanine ammonia lyase（PAL），chalcone isomerase（CHI） and cinnamic acid-4-hydroxyl（C4H）activities were decreased，and the activity of polyphenol oxidase（PPO） was increased. The decrease speed of total phenolic content of 30.0 mg/L GA3 treated Adelinia and Brodtrop was  faster than that of CK1 and CK2，respectively. The activities of PAL and CHI were lower than that of CK1 and CK2. PPO activity was higher than CK1 and CK2，C4H activity was lower than CK1 and CK2. The total phenolic content of 50.0 mg/L ABA treated Adelinia secondary bud burst was significantly higher than GA3 treatment and CK1（P<0.05， the same below），and total phenolic content on the date of determination（except Brodtrop on August 17） was significantly higher than that of GA3 treatment， and was also higher than CK2. The PAL activities of 50.0 mg/L ABA treated Adelinia and Brodtrop were higher than GA3 treatment， CK1 and CK2， PPO activity except on August 17 was significantly lower than GA3 treatment， was greatly lower than CK1 and CK2， CHI and C4H activity was higher than GA3 treatment， CK1 and CK2. 【Conclusion】Foliar application of 50.0 mg/L ABA inhibits the activity of key enzymes PAL，CHI and C4H in the secondary bud burst of Adelinia and Brodtrop，promotes PPO activity of key enzymes，promotes total phenol synthesis and inhibits total phenol oxidation，thereby inhibiting the secondary bud burst of Adelinia and Brodtrop.