书合文秘网 - 设为首页 - 加入收藏
当前位置 首页 > 范文大全 > 公文范文 >

胁迫条件及脂肪酸对巴氏醋杆菌生理特性的影响

作者: 浏览数: 关键词: 胁迫 脂肪酸 杆菌 生理 特性


打开文本图片集

摘要:研究巴氏醋杆菌7015在面对不同胁迫条件时(不同体积分数的乙酸和乙醇),细胞膜生理特性和胞内能量(ATP)的响应情况。研究表明,该巴氏醋杆菌在含有5%的乙醇胁迫条件下,细胞荚膜多糖合成量减少40.48%,胞内H+-ATPase活性增加了1.99倍,而胞内ATP含量减少了33.12%,同时细胞膜透性、细胞膜流动性均增加。在面对乙酸胁迫时除了细胞膜透性减弱外,其他生理特性和胞内能量状况跟乙醇胁迫时相似。在逆性环境下,添加外源脂肪酸对荚膜多糖含量无明显影响,但是不饱和脂肪酸(油酸和亚油酸)会增强细胞膜流动性及透性,而饱和脂肪酸(棕榈酸和硬脂酸)却减弱细胞膜流动性及透性。同时,不饱和脂肪酸更能促进胞内ATP的生成。

关键词:醋杆菌;耐受性;乙醇;乙酸;脂肪酸

中图分类号:TQ920.1      文献标志码:A    doi:10.16693/j.cnki.1671-9646(X).2018.10.031

Effect of Different Carbon Sources and Fatty Acids on Tolence of

Acetobacter pasteurianus

ZOU Jing,MENG Jun,ZHANG Jiancai,GE Yi"nan,LI Bin

(College of Food Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,

Changli,Hebei 066600,China)

Abstract:In this study,effect of carbon sources and fatty acids on membrane characteristics,activity of H+-ATPase and the intracellular content of ATP were investigated by using Acetobacter pasteurianus 7015. The results showed that the capsular polysaccharide decreased 40.48% when ethanol content reached 5%. And the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity was increased 1.99 times and the concentration of ATP was increased 33.12% compared with glucose as sole carbon source. The effect of acetic acid on the physiological characteristics of A. pasteurianus was more significant. And exogenous fatty acid had no significant correlation with the synthese of bacterial polysaccharide. Oleic acid,linoleic acid increased the fluidity and palmitic acid,stearic acid decreased the fluidity. They all made the permeability decreased;and compared with the control,palmitic acid and oleic acid improved H+-ATPase activity significantly,yet stearic acid reduced its activity. Moreover,unsaturated fatty acids promoted the formation of intracellular ATP more than saturated fatty acids.

Key words:Acetobacter;tolerance;ethanol;acetic acid;fatty acid

目前,工業用醋酸菌主要来源于醋杆菌属(Acetobacter)、葡糖杆菌属(Gluconobacter)和葡糖醋杆菌属(Gluconoacetobacter)3个菌属[1-2]。醋酸菌在实际生产过程中会面临多种胁迫因素,如发酵初期来自乙醇的高浓度胁迫、发酵后期醋酸自身的胁迫和夏季高温的胁迫等。这些胁迫会抑制醋酸菌的生长、代谢及生理功能,而醋酸菌应对胁迫环境的应答机制是提高醋酸菌生产能力的关键,也是目前醋酸菌的研究热点之一。

研究表明,醋酸菌的耐胁迫应答分子机制主要包括以下3个方面:①由多种脱氢酶参与的乙醇氧化机制。这些酶主要包括乙醛脱氢酶(由ALDH基因编码)、乙醇脱氢酶(由ADH基因编码)[3-4]。P Chinnawirotpisan等人[5]经过诱变得到1株ADH活性缺失菌株,与亲本相比,该菌株无法利用乙醇生产醋酸,同时醋酸耐受性缺失。②由乙酰辅酶A转移酶AarC参与的醋酸过氧化机制。通过该酶的作用,乙酸被氧化并最终通过乙醛酸代谢途径完成转变[6]。③乙酸泵出机制。该泵出机制是通过与ATP结合的转运蛋白ABC(ATP-binding cassette)来实现的,而ABC转运机制是一种耗能的主动转运机制[7]。④通用抗逆机制包括抗逆蛋白及分子伴侣(GrpE,DnaJ,DnaK)[8]。除此之外,有报道称巴氏醋杆菌(A. pasteurianus)细胞膜的流动性与乙酸抗性有关,随着乙酸体积分数的升高,细胞膜的流动性增加[9]。有些巴氏醋杆菌巴氏醋杆菌还会通过改变荚膜多糖的含量来应对可逆环境。但是,上述这些报道都是独立的,而巴氏醋杆菌的耐性机理应是一个有机整体,因此在面对胁迫条件时,其生理变化也是其抗胁迫环境的方法之一。

相关文章:

Top