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塔里木盆地沙雅隆起北部三道桥潜山结构与储层特征

作者: 浏览数: 关键词: 塔里木盆地 潜山 沙雅 隆起 特征

摘要:综合钻井、测井、地震及分析化验等资料,对塔里木盆地沙雅隆起北部新发现的三道桥潜山气藏的潜山结构和储层进行研究。结果表明:三道桥潜山为晚古生代末期—中生代早期由断层控制形成的断块潜山,发育多组断层和断片结构,长轴为NE—SW向,上覆中生界侏罗系—白垩系。三道桥潜山是由下部古元古界花岗岩结晶基底和上部的一套滨海—浅海相陆源碎屑岩碳酸盐岩混合沉积地层、以及之上的新元古界阿克苏群共同组成,其中滨海—浅海相陆源碎屑岩碳酸盐岩混合沉积地层经历过埋藏成岩改造;三道桥潜山气藏的储层岩性主要为粉晶白云岩、泥晶白云岩,储层基质物性较差,储集空间为裂缝和溶蚀孔洞;优质储层主要受后期断裂和岩溶作用控制。三道桥潜山气藏的发现进一步证实塔里木盆地沙雅隆起北部潜山构造裂缝和岩溶作用发育,具备形成优质储层和油气藏的条件,因此,该区带类似的潜山具有较大的油气勘探潜力。

关键词:潜山;白云岩储层;断块结构;岩溶作用;裂缝;沙雅隆起;塔里木盆地

中图分类号:P618.130.2;TE122.2文献标志码:A

Abstract: Based on the drilling, logging, seismic and chemical analysis data, the characteristics of the new Sandaoqiao buried hill structure and reservoir in the northern Shaya uplift of Tarim Basin were discussed. The results show that Sandaoqiao buried hill is a fault block controlled by Late PaleozoicEarly Mesozoic faults; multi faults and fragment structures develop with the NESW long axis in Sandaoqiao buried hill, and the overlaying layer is Mesozoic JurassicCretaceous; Sandaoqiao buried hill is made from the bottom crystalline basement of Paleoproterozoic granites, the middle mixed sediment strata of littoralneritic facies terrigenous clasticcarbonate rocks, and the upper Neoproterozoic Akesu Group; the mixed sediment strata of littoralneritic facies terrigenous clasticcarbonate rocks experience burial diagenetic transformation, and the thickness is 700800 m; the gas reservoir lithology of Sandaoqiao buried hill is crystal powder dolomite and putty crystal dolomite with the poor physical property of matrix, and the reservoir space is fracture and dissolution pore; the high quality reservoir is mainly controlled by the late fracture and karst process. It is further proved that the fracture and karst process of buried hill develop in the northern Shaya uplift of Tarim Basin, and have the advantage on forming high quality reservoir and hydrocarbon accumulation. Therefore, the zone like Sandaoqiao buried hill has great petroleum exploration potential.

Key words: buried hill; dolomite reservoir; block structure; karst process; fracture; Shaya uplift; Tarim Basin

0引言

塔里木盆地沙雅隆起北部雅克拉斷凸潜山带是该区重要的油气勘探领域。1984年SC2井在奥陶系潜山获得重大油气突破,发现了雅克拉潜山凝析气藏,揭开了塔里木盆地海相油气大发现的序幕[1]。随着该区勘探的不断深入,前人对该区潜山成藏研究取得了一系列成果[24]。雅克拉断凸地区是库车陆相、南部海相油气运移的有利指向区,海、陆油气分异受控于前中生界构造形态,南部雅克拉气藏表现为海相特征,北部的YH、YM32、YM33井等油气藏表现为陆相特征[5]。雅克拉地区潜山储层除发育风化壳型储层外,还同时存在暴露浅滩、层间古岩溶及白云岩型等多种类型的碳酸盐岩储层 [6]。但该区潜山的油气富集控制因素复杂,钻探成功率低。在雅克拉潜山气藏的外围地区,仅YH5、YH7X1、YM32、YM33井等少数钻井在寒武系潜山领域钻获油气。2010年,中国石化西北油田分公司在雅克拉断凸西段的三道桥地区部署了QG1井,在潜山获得突破进展,发现了三道桥潜山气藏。该井用6 mm油嘴试油,日产气39 175 m3,日产油10.39 m3。此后,该地区QG101井和QG102井等也均获得工业油气,显示了良好的勘探潜力。本文综合钻井、测井、地震和分析化验等资料对塔里木盆地沙雅隆起北部三道桥潜山气藏的潜山地质结构和储层进行研究,以期为该区的潜山勘探开发提供技术支持。

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