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猕猴桃蛋白酶及发酵剂对马肉发酵香肠品质特性的影响

作者: 浏览数: 关键词: 发酵剂 蛋白酶 猕猴桃 香肠 发酵

摘 要:研究发酵剂和猕猴桃蛋白酶对马肉发酵香肠品质的影响。以新鲜马肉为原料,添加发酵剂和猕猴桃蛋白酶进行发酵,检测其对马肉发酵香肠pH值、水分活度(water activity,aw)、水分含量、色差以及硫代巴比妥酸(thiobarbituric acid,TBA)值等的影响,并通过对成品进行感官评价确定发酵剂和猕猴桃蛋白酶对其感官品质的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,发酵剂处理组(A组)显著降低了马肉发酵香肠的pH值、aw和TBA值,加快了水分含量的下降,提高了亮度值(L*)和红度值(a*),后期黄度值(b*)略有下降;与A组相比,发酵剂和猕猴桃蛋白酶处理组(B组)提高了其pH值,降低了aw,加快了水分含量的下降,而对a*、L*、b*影响不大,对TBA值无显著影响;对成品的感官评价结果表明,B组马肉发酵香肠的口感较A组和对照组好。

关键词:马肉;发酵香肠;发酵剂;猕猴桃蛋白酶

Effects of Mixed Starter Culture and Actinidin on the Quality Characteristics of Fermented Horse Meat Sausage

YUSUFU Sulaiman, AERZUGULI Abuduwaili, BATUER Abulikemu*

(College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China)

Abstract: The effects of mixed starter culture and actinidin on the quality of fermented horse meat sausage were studied experimentally. Fresh horse meat was added with actinidin and inoculated with a mixed starter culture for fermentation. Changes in pH value, water activity (aw), moisture content, color difference, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value and sensory evaluation were monitored during the fermentation process. The results showed that compared with the control (unfermented) group (CK), the starter culture (group A) significantly decreased pH value, aw and TBA value, accelerated the decrease of water content, and increased brightness value (L*) and redness value (a*) of horse meat sausage; yellowing value (b*) slightly decreased during the late period of fermentation. Compared with the starter culture, its combination with actinidin (group B) increased pH value, decreased aw, accelerated the decrease of water content, but had little effects on the L*, a * and b * and no significant effect on TBA value. The sensory evaluation of the finished products showed that the taste of group B was better than that of group A and CK.

Keywords: horse meat; fermented sausage; starter culture; actinidin

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201807002

中图分类号:TS251.5 文献标志码:A文章编号:1001-8123(2018)07-0007-06

引文格式:

玉素甫·苏来曼, 阿尔祖古丽·阿卜杜外力, 巴吐尔·阿不力克木. 猕猴桃蛋白酶及发酵剂对马肉发酵香肠品质特性的影响[J]. 肉类研究, 2018, 32(7): 7-12. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201807002. http://www.rlyj.pub

YUSUFU Sulaiman, AERZUGULI Abuduwaili, BATUER Abulikemu. Effects of mixed starter culture and actinidin on the quality characteristics of fermented horse meat sausage[J]. Meat Research, 2018, 32(7): 7-12. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201807002. http://www.rlyj.pub

發酵香肠是国内外历史悠久的发酵肉制品[1],它是以新鲜畜禽肉、脂肪等为原料,将其均匀绞碎,在自然发酵或人工接种发酵条件下,添加盐、糖、硝酸盐、香辛料、发酵剂等混合腌制,灌入肠衣,借助微生物及酶的作用,经发酵、干燥、成熟而制成的产品[2]。发酵香肠以其稳定的微生物特性、典型的发酵风味、质地佳、可长期保存等优点日益受到欢迎[3]。近年来,发酵剂在发酵香肠中的应用越来越活跃。Martín等[4]的研究发现,木糖葡萄球菌可以在发酵肉制品中起到分解蛋白质,产生风味物质的作用;杨秀娟等[5]以植物乳杆菌和戊糖片球菌作为发酵香肠的发酵剂进行研究,并得出最适添加量,确定加工工艺;di Maria等[6]的研究发现,微球菌和乳酸菌是发酵香肠制作中最重要的菌群。

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